2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer (ePosters)-EP16.01-003. The Dynamic Immune Signature of Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Prediction of Infection After Receiving Immunotherapy

EP16.01-003. The Dynamic Immune Signature of Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Prediction of Infection After Receiving Immunotherapy

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between immunotherapy and the occurrence of pulmonary infection in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The researchers collected peripheral blood specimens from patients before and after chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy, and analyzed the immune profile using mass cytometry and ELISA. The patients were categorized into three groups: chemotherapy alone, immunotherapy alone, and chemotherapy plus immunotherapy. <br /><br />The results showed that circulating immune cells were lower in the chemotherapy alone group. Immunotherapy appeared to decrease the incidence of pulmonary infection by increasing the level of NK cells and TNF-α. However, the addition of chemotherapy to immunotherapy attenuated the elevation of TNF-α. The expression of certain immune cells, such as PD-1, TIM-3, and LAG-3, decreased after treatment in the immunotherapy alone and chemotherapy plus immunotherapy groups. Patients with high expression of NK cells in the immunotherapy alone group had better overall survival compared to those with low expression before treatment.<br /><br />The study also found that patients with pneumonia had a poor prognosis in both the chemotherapy and immunotherapy groups. The early dynamic change of NK cells, exhausted T cells, and elevation of TNF-α could potentially serve as biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of infection.<br /><br />In conclusion, this study suggests that immunotherapy may decrease the risk of pulmonary infection in patients with advanced NSCLC. Monitoring the immune signatures, such as NK cells, and cytokine levels may help in predicting infection and assessing treatment outcomes. Further studies are needed to explore the association between different immune cell subpopulations and the occurrence of pulmonary infection.

Asset Subtitle

Chia-I Shen

Meta Tag

Speaker Chia-I Shen

Topic Tumour Biology and Biomarkers - Immune Biology & Immunotherapy

Keywords

immunotherapy

pulmonary infection

non-small cell lung cancer

chemotherapy

mass cytometry

ELISA

NK cells

TNF-α

PD-1

TIM-3