2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer (ePosters)-EP16.01-018. SAKK 16/14 -Peripheral Immune Cell Populations Inresponse to Neoadjuvant Durvalumab in Patients with Stage IIIA(N2) NSCLC

EP16.01-018. SAKK 16/14 -Peripheral Immune Cell Populations Inresponse to Neoadjuvant Durvalumab in Patients with Stage IIIA(N2) NSCLC

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The study examined the peripheral immune cell populations in response to neoadjuvant durvalumab in patients with stage IIIA(N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the phase II trial SAKK 16/14, patients received two doses of the anti-PD-L1 antibody durvalumab after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of treatment on the immune system by profiling immune cell populations derived from patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using mass cytometry.<br /><br />The results showed that although statistically significant enrichments of some immune populations were detected, the small sample size prevented conclusive ruling out of changes in other peripheral immune populations. The authors emphasized the need for a larger patient cohort to increase confidence in the results. The findings will be further analyzed alongside other ongoing analyses of the SAKK 16/14 trial, including T cell receptor sequencing, transcriptomic analysis, and pathological analysis of the tumor microenvironment.<br /><br />The analysis included five responders and five non-responders. The responders showed complete pathological response and remained event-free for at least 12 months. PBMCs obtained before neoadjuvant treatment and after chemotherapy and durvalumab were analyzed using cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) with a custom antibody panel assessing the expression of 35 protein markers.<br /><br />Differential enrichment between responders and non-responders was assessed, and no significant differences were found in the frequencies of major immune populations. However, senescent CD57 T cells were enriched in non-responders, while Ki67 proliferating CD8 T cells were enriched in responders, although these differences were primarily driven by individual patients.<br /><br />The study was supported by AstraZeneca and research agreements with several institutions. The authors acknowledge the limitations of the study due to the small sample size and recommend further research with a larger patient cohort to validate the findings.

Asset Subtitle

Sacha I Rothschild

Meta Tag

Speaker Sacha I Rothschild

Topic Tumour Biology and Biomarkers - Immune Biology & Immunotherapy

Keywords

neoadjuvant durvalumab

stage IIIA(N2) non-small cell lung cancer

SAKK 16/14 trial

anti-PD-L1 antibody

immune cell populations

peripheral blood mononuclear cells

mass cytometry

T cell receptor sequencing

transcriptomic analysis

tumor microenvironment