2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer (ePosters)-EP16.02-022. Circulating Tumor DNA Minimal Residual Disease Assay Predicts Outcome in Lung Cancer Patients Who Had Curative Treatments

EP16.02-022. Circulating Tumor DNA Minimal Residual Disease Assay Predicts Outcome in Lung Cancer Patients Who Had Curative Treatments

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A study presented at the 2022 World Conference of Lung Cancer highlights the potential of a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) minimal residual disease (MRD) assay in predicting the outcome of lung cancer patients who have undergone curative treatments. The study, conducted by researchers from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, aimed to explore the clinical utility and prognosis association of MRD assays among lung cancer patients. The researchers compared longitudinal changes in ctDNA levels of 30 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received curative-intent treatment.<br /><br />The results showed that post-curative-intent treatment MRD positivity was marginally associated with disease progression. However, the presence of persistent MRD was found to be an independent indicator of poor prognosis for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the first 5 years following cancer diagnosis. When considering other clinical and pathological variables, post-curative-intent treatment MRD positivity and persistency were the only statistically significant factors associated with progression.<br /><br />The study findings suggest that the detection of persistent ctDNA after curative-intent treatment in NSCLC can predict overall survival and progression-free survival. However, due to the small sample size, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.<br /><br />The ctDNA MRD assay used in the study involved a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay for the detection of ctDNA in plasma. The assay utilized 16 individual-specific mutation signatures and measured the mean tumor molecule (MTM) as a quantification of tumor-specific variants. The study also included patients with different histology types and classified the cancer according to mutations in PD-L1, EGFR, KRAS, and TP53.<br /><br />Overall, this study highlights the potential of ctDNA MRD assays as a prognostic tool for lung cancer patients who have undergone curative treatments. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and establish the clinical utility of MRD assays in real-world settings.

Asset Subtitle

Youjih Oh

Meta Tag

Speaker Youjih Oh

Topic Tumour Biology and Biomarkers - Minimally Invasive Biomarkers

Keywords

circulating tumor DNA

minimal residual disease

lung cancer

curative treatments

clinical utility

prognosis association

non-small cell lung cancer

progression-free survival

overall survival

multiplex polymerase chain reaction