2022 World Conference on Lung Cancer (ePosters)-EP16.02-027. Targeted Methylation Analysis of Circulating Cell-Free DNA to Predict Outcomes in Clinical Stage I NSCLC Patients

EP16.02-027. Targeted Methylation Analysis of Circulating Cell-Free DNA to Predict Outcomes in Clinical Stage I NSCLC Patients

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A study conducted by Yohan Bossé and colleagues aimed to evaluate the performance of a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) targeted methylation assay developed by GRAIL for early-stage lung cancer detection. The assay was tested on pre-operative plasma samples from patients with clinically diagnosed stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). The study included a total of 260 patients.<br /><br />The results showed that the cfDNA assay had a sensitivity of 33% for detecting cancer in all patients, with a detection rate of 36% in the high-risk group and 27% in the low-risk group. The detection rate was higher in LUSC (58%) compared to LUAD (22%). The assay accurately predicted the cancer signal origin in 83% of cases. However, the detection of cfDNA did not significantly associate with relapse within 5 years after surgery.<br /><br />The study also found that the cfDNA detection was associated with clinical to pathological upstaging in all patients, particularly in LUSC. The assay had a sensitivity of 49% for identifying patients who would be upstaged by pathology. This represents approximately 30% of patients who may benefit from treatment decisions that match pathological stage.<br /><br />Overall, the targeted methylation analysis of cfDNA using the GRAIL assay showed modest sensitivity for detecting early-stage lung cancer. While it did not significantly predict relapse within 5 years, it did predict clinical to pathological upstaging. The results suggest that further development of the assay may improve its prognostic utility in stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).<br /><br />The study was funded by AstraZeneca and supported by the IUCPQ Foundation. The researchers suggest that customization of the assay algorithms may be necessary to enhance its performance in early-stage lung cancer.

Asset Subtitle

Yohan Bossé

Meta Tag

Speaker Yohan Bossé

Topic Tumour Biology and Biomarkers - Minimally Invasive Biomarkers

Keywords

cell-free DNA

cfDNA

methylation assay

GRAIL

early-stage lung cancer detection

adenocarcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma

sensitivity

detection rate

clinical to pathological upstaging