2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer (Posters)-EP08.01. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Unique Immune Landscape in Rare-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Chemo-Immunotherapy

EP08.01. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Unique Immune Landscape in Rare-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Chemo-Immunotherapy - PDF(Slides)

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A study conducted by Rui Fu and colleagues aimed to investigate the immune landscape in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with rare mutations undergoing neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy. The researchers performed single-cell RNA sequencing on nine NSCLC specimens with rare oncogenic drivers, including ERBB2 p.Y772_A775dup, KIF5B-RET fusions, and BRAF V600E. They also evaluated the pathological response of the tumors.<br /><br />The results showed that patients with major pathological responses (MPR) had higher levels of infiltrating T cells and natural killer (NK) cells compared to those without MPR. The distribution of cell types varied among different rare driver mutations. In patients with the BRAF V600E mutation and MPR, there was an enrichment of IGHG plasma cells. On the other hand, macrophages in BRAF V600E patients without MPR exhibited a broad range of phenotypes enriched for profibrotic genes.<br /><br />In patients with ERBB2 mutations, the level of residual tumor was associated with differential expression of memory B cells and CD4 T cells. The T cell receptor signaling pathway was upregulated in patients with a lower level of residual tumor, while FGFBP2 NK cells were enriched in patients with KIF5B-RET fusions and a pathological complete response.<br /><br />Overall, this study identified a unique immune landscape at the single-cell level in rare-mutant NSCLC undergoing neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy. These findings provide insights into personalized therapeutic strategies for locally advanced NSCLC patients with rare mutations.

Asset Subtitle

Rui Fu

Meta Tag

Speaker Rui Fu

Topic Local-Regional NSCLC: Biomarkers

Keywords

non-small cell lung cancer

rare mutations

neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy

immune landscape

single-cell RNA sequencing

pathological response

T cells

BRAF V600E mutation

memory B cells

personalized therapeutic strategies