2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer (Posters)-P1.21. Upregulation of HLA-I/II and Pro-inflammatory Cells in PBMCs Indicated Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemo-immunotherapy in Locally Advanced NSCLC

P1.21. Upregulation of HLA-I/II and Pro-inflammatory Cells in PBMCs Indicated Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemo-immunotherapy in Locally Advanced NSCLC - PDF(Abstract)

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This study analyzed the gene expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to evaluate immune activation and treatment response in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy. A total of 43 patients were enrolled, and PBMC samples were collected at baseline and at different time points during the therapy. The researchers used targeted RNA sequencing to analyze gene expression and predicted the immune cell components using established models. They found that the MHC I antigen presentation pathway and CD8 T cell differentiation were upregulated after the first course of chemo-immunotherapy. In particular, the expression of HLA-A, HLA-DQA1, and naïve CD8 T cells was significantly enriched in PBMCs of responders. The antigen presenting process continued to be activated, as evidenced by the upregulation of CIITA and sustained HLA-B levels in responders at later time points. Furthermore, after two cycles of therapy, there was an over-presentation of effector/cytotoxic CD8 cells in responders, along with a decline in NK cells in non-responders. The PBMCs from responders also showed stable expression levels of pro-inflammatory molecules and upregulation of CCL23 and IL10. In contrast, the expression of these molecules decreased in PBMCs from non-responders. Based on these findings, the authors suggest that the rapid activation of HLA-I/II molecules, transition of CD8 cells from naïve to cytotoxic T cells, and activation of NK cells during the early treatment courses may indicate therapeutic efficacy and the mechanism of response to immunotherapy in NSCLC.

Asset Subtitle

Hui Kang Xie

Meta Tag

Speaker Hui Kang Xie

Topic Pathology & Biomarkers: Biomarkers for Immuno-oncology

Keywords

gene expression profile

PBMCs

immune activation

treatment response

NSCLC

chemo-immunotherapy

HLA-A

HLA-DQA1

CD8 T cells

antigen presenting process