2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer (Posters)-P2.05. Understanding Genomic and Social Determinants of Cancer Immunotherapy Outcome across Ancestry

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In this study, the researchers aimed to understand whether patients of different ancestries benefit equally from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They examined the impact of genomic ancestry, tumor genomics, and social determinants of health (SDH) factors on ICI response in NSCLC patients using the MSK-IMPACT targeted panel sequencing. The study included 1,802 NSCLC patients who received ICI treatment, including patients with African and East Asian ancestry. <br /><br />The researchers used natural language processing (NLP) to obtain information on cancer progression-free survival (PFS) from clinical notes and analyzed the association between PFS and various factors such as ancestry, race, smoking status, ICI drug regimen, PD-L1 status, tumor mutational burden (TMB), income, and BMI. They found that neither genetic ancestry nor self-reported race/ethnicity was associated with PFS. Additionally, ICI drug regimen types, low-income status, and BMI did not affect PFS in the cohort. However, TMB-high was associated with longer PFS across all ancestries, although patients with East Asian ancestry had lower TMB.<br /><br />The results suggest that the benefits of ICI extend across ancestry, race, and income lines in a single institution, indicating the need for more equitable patient access to these medications. The researchers also found that TMB is a generalizable biomarker for ICI outcome across ancestries. However, further research with more diverse patient populations is required to understand if there are ancestry-specific biomarkers for ICI outcome.<br /><br />In summary, this study provides insights into the impact of genomic and social determinants on ICI response in NSCLC patients of different ancestries. The findings support the need for equitable access to ICI treatment and suggest that TMB is a useful biomarker for predicting ICI outcome across ancestries.

Asset Subtitle

Jian Carrot-Zhang

Meta Tag

Speaker Jian Carrot-Zhang

Topic Metastatic NSCLC: Immunotherapy - Biomarker

Keywords

immune checkpoint inhibitors

non-small cell lung cancer

genomic ancestry

tumor genomics

social determinants of health

MSK-IMPACT targeted panel sequencing

cancer progression-free survival

PD-L1 status

tumor mutational burden

equitable access to treatment