2024 Asia Conference on Lung Cancer (ACLC) - Poster & ePosters-PP02.03

PP02.03 - Chen Chen

Pdf Summary

The study explores the immune characteristics of early-stage synchronous multiple primary lung cancers (sMPLC) compared to solitary primary lung cancers (SPLC) by utilizing a multi-omics approach. Prior research highlighted genetic heterogeneity and similarities in mutational landscapes between sMPLC and SPLC. However, sMPLC demonstrated notable abnormalities in immune-related gene expression and distinct compositions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), such as B and Treg cells.<br /><br />Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), tumor, and adjacent lung samples were collected from patients diagnosed with early-stage sMPLC and SPLC. These were subjected to comprehensive analysis, which included evaluating immune repertoire, gene mutation profiles, TIL characteristics, and expression patterns of tumor-related cytokines and chemokines.<br /><br />Findings reveal distinct immune microenvironment nuances between sMPLC and SPLC. Specifically, the study posits that the emergence of sMPLC is not solely due to genomic alterations, but may involve systematic or regional immune irregularities, highlighting the significant role of adaptive immunity in the disease's initiation and progression. The study provides insights into the immune landscapes of individual cancerous lesions in sMPLC, and suggests that immune dysregulation within the tumor environment significantly contributes to sMPLC tumorigenesis.<br /><br />The analysis compared TCR/BCR diversity and expression across samples, identifying unique sequences linked to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which are more prevalent in sMPLC patients than those with SPLC. These findings reflect two systemic features: PBMCs, normal tissues, and tumors share similar immune repertoire changes in sMPLC, and immune repertoire alterations remain consistent across sMPLC lesions despite genomic heterogeneity. The study underscores the systemic nature of sMPLC at the immunogenomic level and suggests potential directions for innovative therapeutic approaches.

Keywords

synchronous multiple primary lung cancers

solitary primary lung cancers

multi-omics approach

immune characteristics

tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

immune microenvironment

adaptive immunity

immune dysregulation

TCR/BCR diversity

immunogenomic