2024 Asia Conference on Lung Cancer (ACLC) - Poster & ePosters-PP02.12

PP02.12 - Meijuan Huang

Pdf Summary

This study explores the relationship between intestinal flora and the clinical outcomes of first-line immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conducted over two years, this single-center, prospective, observational cohort analysis included 93 treatment-naive NSCLC patients. These patients provided fecal samples for 16S rRNA analysis to examine the correlation between gut microbiota composition and clinical outcomes while undergoing immunotherapy or immunochemotherapy.<br /><br />Results indicated that among all participants, who were monitored for a median of 25.6 months, the overall response rate (ORR) was 61.3% and the disease control rate (DCR) reached 94.6%. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was found to be 12.2 months. Patients who showed partial response (PR) to the treatment were associated with better PFS, supported by an improved hazard ratio and a notable extension in mPFS.<br /><br />Significant findings from 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that families Atopobiaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae were notably enriched in patients who achieved PR. Additionally, seven families of bacteria, including Erysipelotrichaceae, were more prevalent in patients with an mPFS greater than 12.2 months. Although the microbial composition changed during treatment, the overall diversity of gut microbiota remained consistent.<br /><br />The study also reported that 19.4% of patients experienced immune-related adverse events (irAE) which led to treatment discontinuation, including major events like pneumonia and myocarditis. Specific bacterial families such as Methanomethylophilaceae and Streptococcaceae were more abundant in these patients.<br /><br />The study concludes that gut microbiota potentially plays a significant role in influencing the efficacy and side effects of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients. However, further investigations are required to establish gut microbiota as a non-invasive biomarker for treatment outcomes in such patients.

Keywords

intestinal flora

NSCLC

immunotherapy

gut microbiota

16S rRNA

progression-free survival

immune-related adverse events

Atopobiaceae

Erysipelotrichaceae

biomarker