2024 Latin America Conference on Lung Cancer (LALCA) - Posters-PP01.41: Clinical Characteristics and Bronchoscopic Management of Patients with Malignant Central Airway Obstruction From 2017 to 2022 in Bogotá, Colombia

PP01.41: Clinical Characteristics and Bronchoscopic Management of Patients with Malignant Central Airway Obstruction From 2017 to 2022 in Bogotá, Colombia

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This document outlines a study on clinical characteristics and bronchoscopic management of patients with malignant central airway obstruction in Bogotá, Colombia, from 2017 to 2022. The study, conducted at a cancer reference center, examines patients over 18 who underwent interventions for airway obstruction, which is a serious complication occurring in up to 30% of lung cancer or metastatic cases. The obstruction severity was assessed based on the Freitag classification system.<br /><br />Key findings of the study indicate that papillary thyroid cancer was the most prevalent type in the sample population, differing from global trends that typically emphasize lung and esophageal cancers. Various treatments were utilized, with stent placement and recanalization being the most effective methods for maintaining airway patency, offering a low complication rate in advanced oncological patients when used as palliative care interventions.<br /><br />Histological data revealed distributions of cancer types, with squamous cell carcinoma being most prevalent at 44.4%, followed by adenocarcinoma at 27.8%, and small cell carcinoma and other types each at 11.1%. Among several therapeutic techniques employed, expectant management was used in 56 patients (36.4%), while recanalization and stent procedures were prominent, each applied in approximately 30% of the cases. <br /><br />Demographic data of the study participants showed median ages of 60 years, with a relatively balanced male-to-female ratio. The study underscores a need for standardized classification in central airway stenosis to improve study comparisons and enhance clinical categorization and treatment strategies. <br /><br />These findings contribute significantly to the local interventional pulmonology body of knowledge, especially given the scarcity of comprehensive records on bronchoscopic management of malignant central airway obstruction in the region.

Asset Subtitle

Jenny Londono

Keywords

malignant central airway obstruction

bronchoscopic management

Bogotá

cancer reference center

Freitag classification system

papillary thyroid cancer

stent placement

recanalization

histological data

interventional pulmonology