2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - Posters-P1.03D.10 Uncovering the Molecular Pathways Associated with Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

P1.03D.10 Uncovering the Molecular Pathways Associated with Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Back to course

Pdf Summary

This document outlines a study focused on the molecular mechanisms of checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) in lung cancer patients, particularly those with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Conducted by researchers from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, the study examines CIP, a potentially severe immune-related adverse event arising from immunotherapy treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).<br /><br />The incidence of CIP is noted to be significantly high, reaching up to 19% in real-world scenarios, especially in NSCLC patients. The study aims to better understand the pathogenesis and identify potential therapeutic targets for CIP by employing single-cell sequencing on tissue samples. The research involves two groups: one comprising CIP tissues from NSCLC patients who developed CIP after ICI treatment, and a control group from paracancerous tissues in NSCLC patients who did not develop CIP.<br /><br />Key findings include the observation of a significant expansion of CD8 tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) and activation of the IFNγ pathway in CIP tissues. Also noted was an increased phagocytic activity and features of pyroptosis in macrophages associated with CIP. Moreover, a highly expressed BTLA-TNFRSF14 signaling pathway was identified in non-immune cell populations within CIP tissues.<br /><br />The study concludes that the prominence of IFNγ-producing CD8 Trms might be a crucial mechanism in the development of CIP, and that macrophage pyroptosis could amplify the inflammatory response, suggesting possible therapeutic targets. The researchers declare no conflicts of interest and provide contact details for further inquiries.

Asset Subtitle

Jiaxi Deng

Meta Tag

Speaker Jiaxi Deng

Topic Tumor Biology – Translational Biology

Keywords

checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

CIP

non-small cell lung cancer

NSCLC

immune checkpoint inhibitors

single-cell sequencing

CD8 tissue-resident memory T cells

IFNγ pathway

macrophage pyroptosis

BTLA-TNFRSF14 signaling