2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - Posters-P1.03E.01 Effect of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites on the Efficacy of Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

P1.03E.01 Effect of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites on the Efficacy of Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

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This study examines the impact of gut microbiota and metabolites on the efficacy of combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), demonstrating that the gut microbiota can influence anti-tumor immune responses. Researchers collected 112 fecal samples from LUSC patients, divided into two groups: a baseline group of untreated patients and a disease control rate (DCR) group comprising patients who showed complete response, partial response, or stable disease post-treatment.<br /><br />Metagenomic and metabolomic sequencing indicated significant differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between the baseline and DCR groups. In the DCR group, there was a higher relative abundance of microbes such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium, and Prevotella. Metabolomic analysis also showed higher levels of metabolites like Pregnenolone, Cellobiose, Ggstop, and palmitic acid in the DCR group. <br /><br />A KEGG metabolic pathway analysis revealed significant variations in pathways related to fatty acid biosynthesis and aldosterone synthesis and secretion. A joint analysis using metagenomic and metabolomic data demonstrated an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.8 from a random forest analysis, indicating high reliability in predicting treatment efficacy based on the gut microbiota and their metabolites.<br /><br />The study concludes that the abundance of specific gut microbiota and metabolites is correlated with the effectiveness of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in LUSC patients. These findings suggest that gut microbiota and metabolites could serve as potential targets for predicting and possibly enhancing the efficacy of such treatments in LUSC, contributing to more personalized and effective cancer therapies.

Asset Subtitle

Xu Han

Meta Tag

Speaker Xu Han

Topic Tumor Biology – Translational Biology

Keywords

gut microbiota

metabolites

immunotherapy

chemotherapy

lung squamous cell carcinoma

metagenomic sequencing

metabolomic sequencing

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii

treatment efficacy

personalized cancer therapy