2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - Posters-P2.11A.07 Selected Shared Neoantigens for Personalized Tumor Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine in the Treatment of Advanced Tumors

P2.11A.07 Selected Shared Neoantigens for Personalized Tumor Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine in the Treatment of Advanced Tumors

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The study led by Yan Zhang explores the development of personalized tumor neoantigen peptide vaccines for the treatment of advanced tumors, focusing on shared neoantigens. Neoantigens, which are generated from non-synonymous mutations in tumors, can be identified through gene sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). The study hypothesizes that these shared neoantigens, identified through advanced gene sequencing, are significant for prognosis and can be utilized in personalized vaccines.<br /><br />Conducted between April 2020 and May 2022, the study involved 120 patients with stage IV lung cancer. Samples from paired plasma, white blood cells, and tumor biopsy tissues were analyzed. The identification of neoantigens from ctDNA required the use of software to ensure the highest affinity, with a binding affinity threshold of less than 500 nM. Statistical analyses, including the log-rank test, were applied to compare survival outcomes between patients with and without shared neoantigens.<br /><br />The results showed that 74% to 88% of tissue mutations could be detected by ctDNA based on two sequencing panels, reflecting the gene mutation landscape accurately. The identified shared neoantigens, such as TP53 p.R273H, KRAS p.G12C, and EGFR p.L858R, displayed potential for quick adaptation into neoantigen peptide vaccines and could aid in prognostic evaluation.<br /><br />The study concludes that ctDNA from liquid biopsies can depict tumor tissue mutations effectively. The prediction and identification of shared neoantigens are reliable and can potentially enhance personalized cancer treatment strategies. These findings necessitate further validation to confirm the efficacy of shared neoantigens in clinical trials. The research acknowledges support from several scientific funding bodies, contributing to the study's comprehensive data collection and analysis efforts.

Asset Subtitle

Yan Zhang

Meta Tag

Speaker Yan Zhang

Topic Metastatic NSCLC – Immunotherapy

Keywords

personalized tumor vaccines

shared neoantigens

circulating tumor DNA

gene sequencing

lung cancer

neoantigen peptide vaccines

ctDNA

mutation detection

prognostic evaluation

clinical trials