2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - Posters-P2.11C.05 Correlation Between Gut Microbiome and Immune-Related Adverse Reactions for Lung Cancer

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The study explores the relationship between the gut microbiome and immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) in lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. While these treatments show promising efficacy, irAEs are a common side effect that often leads to treatment discontinuation, adversely impacting patient outcomes and quality of life. The study aims to uncover gut microbiome characteristics that could potentially predict or diagnose irAEs, thereby mitigating their occurrence.<br /><br />Researchers enrolled 16 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who experienced irAEs during immunotherapy from May 2021 to December 2022. Fecal samples were collected at baseline (Q group) and at the onset of irAEs (H group) for metagenomic sequencing to examine differences in microbial composition and function.<br /><br />The findings reveal significant differences in gut microbiome composition when irAEs occur. Notably, the abundance of bacteria such as Firmicutes and Proteobacteria increases, while Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria decrease during irAEs. On a genus level, bacteria like Ligilactobacillius salivarius and various Veillonella species are significantly associated with irAEs. Additionally, gut microbiome functions shift during irAEs, with heightened roles in nucleotide and lipid metabolism, intracellular processes, and glycoside hydrolases.<br /><br />The results suggest that lung cancer patients experiencing irAEs exhibit unique gut microbiome profiles. These specific microbial characteristics might serve as biomarkers for predicting or diagnosing irAEs, potentially leading to more personalized and effective immunotherapy strategies with minimized adverse effects. Overall, this study highlights the crucial role of the gut microbiome in influencing immune responses in cancer treatment contexts.

Asset Subtitle

Xu Han

Meta Tag

Speaker Xu Han

Topic Metastatic NSCLC – Immunotherapy

Keywords

gut microbiome

immune-related adverse reactions

lung cancer

immunotherapy

immune checkpoint inhibitors

microbial composition

biomarkers

metagenomic sequencing

Firmicutes

Veillonella