2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - Posters-P3.13D.10 Clinical Outcomes of Transformed Small-Cell Lung Cancer Versus Extensive Primary Small-Cell Lung Cancer

P3.13D.10 Clinical Outcomes of Transformed Small-Cell Lung Cancer Versus Extensive Primary Small-Cell Lung Cancer

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The study, conducted by researchers at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and South China University of Technology, compared clinical outcomes of transformed small-cell lung cancer (T-SCLC) to extensive primary small-cell lung cancer (P-SCLC) in the era of immunotherapy. Previously, T-SCLC was managed similarly to P-SCLC post-histological transformation, often showing strong responses to chemotherapy but limited effectiveness with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).<br /><br />This retrospective analysis involved 211 patients diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) from 2018 to 2023, comprising 165 P-SCLC and 46 T-SCLC cases. The patient median age differed significantly between groups, with T-SCLC patients being younger. In terms of gender distribution, T-SCLC had a higher proportion of females compared to P-SCLC. Additionally, smoking history, stage of cancer, and brain metastasis occurrence were notable between types.<br /><br />Survival analysis indicated similar overall survival (OS) for both T-SCLC and P-SCLC; however, T-SCLC showed poorer outcomes with chemotherapy alone. Importantly, T-SCLC patients benefited more from immunotherapy, indicating potential efficacy in this treatment modality. Furthermore, higher baseline levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a biomarker, were associated with poorer survival prognosis in both cancer types.<br /><br />This study suggests that while the overall prognosis for T-SCLC and P-SCLC does not significantly differ, chemotherapy may be inadequate for T-SCLC, highlighting the potential for immunotherapy as a more suitable option. The study underscores the importance of further prospective trials to confirm immunotherapy's efficacy for T-SCLC and to explore NSE levels as a prognostic biomarker.

Asset Subtitle

Lina Chen

Meta Tag

Speaker Lina Chen

Topic SCLC & Neuroendocrine Tumors

Keywords

transformed small-cell lung cancer

extensive primary small-cell lung cancer

immunotherapy

clinical outcomes

chemotherapy

immune checkpoint inhibitors

neuron-specific enolase

prognostic biomarker

survival analysis

retrospective study