2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - Posters-P4.04D.07 Lung Cancer Biomarkers in Nonsmokers: Diagnostic and Prognostic Use of Liquid Biopsy for Metabolites Found in the Urine

P4.04D.07 Lung Cancer Biomarkers in Nonsmokers: Diagnostic and Prognostic Use of Liquid Biopsy for Metabolites Found in the Urine

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The study "Lung Cancer Biomarkers in Nonsmokers" led by Bhavik Dalal at the National Cancer Institute focuses on the diagnostic and prognostic potential of using liquid biopsies to assess specific metabolites in urine—creatine riboside (CR) and N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA)—for detecting lung cancer in nonsmokers. Lung cancer in nonsmokers accounts for about 10-15% of cases in Europe and North America and up to 40% in Asia. Conventional lung cancer screening methods currently miss almost 50% of cases, indicating that traditional predictors like age and smoking status may be inadequate.<br /><br />The study utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to measure CR and NANA levels in urine, comparing nonsmokers with those who smoked and non-cancer controls. Significant elevations in these metabolites were observed in lung cancer patients regardless of smoking status, underscoring their potential utility as biomarkers.<br /><br />Exploratory and validation cohorts showed the diagnostic accuracy for these metabolites, with AUCs (Area Under the Curve) indicating high specificity and sensitivity, particularly when assessing early and late-stage lung cancers. For instance, the combined use of CR and NANA showed an AUC of 0.94 in distinguishing lung cancer cases from non-cancer controls in nonsmokers.<br /><br />The study concludes that CR and NANA are promising biomarkers for lung cancer screening and prognosis, especially for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in nonsmokers. This liquid biopsy approach could offer a noninvasive, cost-effective method for cancer detection, aiding in risk assessment and potentially identifying lung cancer candidates for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening.<br /><br />The findings necessitate further prospective studies to validate the efficacy of these biomarkers in various high-risk populations.

Asset Subtitle

Bhavik Dalal

Meta Tag

Speaker Bhavik Dalal

Topic Screening & Early Detection

Keywords

Lung Cancer Biomarkers

Nonsmokers

Liquid Biopsies

Creatine Riboside

N-acetylneuraminic Acid

Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Diagnostic Accuracy

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Cancer Detection

Low-dose Computed Tomography