2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - ePosters-EP.03B.03 Whole Genome Analysis in Resected Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lungs

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The study conducted by researchers from Kindai University Faculty of Medicine aimed to provide a comprehensive genetic profiling of resected cases of lung adenocarcinoma (Ad) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recognizing the potential of genetic analysis in informing targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the study sought to elaborate on the genetic disparities between these two major types of lung cancer.<br /><br />The researchers analyzed 65 adenocarcinoma and 34 squamous cell carcinoma cases, examining genetic mutations, homologous recombination deficiency, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). A notable finding was the significantly higher frequency of TP53 mutations in SCC compared to Ad patients. Furthermore, patients with SCC exhibited more frequent gene amplifications and losses, with the number of amplified genes per case notably higher in SCC.<br /><br />In adenocarcinoma cases, those with EGFR mutations showed significantly lower TMB compared to wild-type cases. In contrast, cases harboring TP53 or other oncogenic mutations exhibited higher TMB. For SCC, cases with gene amplifications were associated with higher TMBs, although TMB did not significantly differ with T status, histological subtype, or PD-L1 expression between Ad and SCC.<br /><br />The study highlighted specific genes frequently amplified in SCC, including AKT1-3, CCDN1-3, FGF3/FGF19, PIK3CA/PIK3CB, and TIPARP, emphasizing their prevalence in SCC cases.<br /><br />In conclusion, the research delineates the genetic landscape of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, emphasizing the potential of tailored therapeutic strategies. SCC particularly stands out with a higher incidence of TP53 mutations and gene amplifications, providing a basis for potentially unique therapeutic approaches compared to adenocarcinoma.

Asset Subtitle

Masaoki Ito

Meta Tag

Speaker Masaoki Ito

Topic Tumor Biology – Translational Biology

Keywords

lung adenocarcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma

genetic profiling

TP53 mutations

tumor mutation burden

gene amplifications

EGFR mutations

Kindai University

targeted therapies

immune checkpoint inhibitors