2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - ePosters-EP.07F.03 The Mutation Landscape & Clinical Features of Taiwanese NSCLC Detected by Low-Dose CT

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The study investigates the mutation landscape and clinical characteristics of Taiwanese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients detected through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly diseases globally, with only 15-20% of cases diagnosed early. In Taiwan, a free LDCT screening program was implemented in July 2022 for heavy smokers and non-smokers with a family history of lung cancer, highlighting the public interest in LDCT's potential for early detection.<br /><br />The study involved 235 NSCLC patients from Taipei Veterans General Hospital, with data collected between May 2021 and December 2022. The cohort included a majority of non-smokers (69.4%), females (63.6%), and adenocarcinoma cases (93.2%). Among the patients, 79 were diagnosed via LDCT. No significant differences were observed in age, sex, tobacco use, and family history between LDCT and non-LDCT groups. However, LDCT-detected patients showed more ground glass nodules on CT scans, earlier stages of cancer, and lower grades of adenocarcinoma.<br /><br />The study also analyzed genetic mutations among the patients. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was the most common, found in 51.9% of LDCT-detected and 53.8% of non-LDCT-detected patients. Notably, LDCT-detected patients had significantly fewer mutations overall, while certain mutational signatures, including the activity of APOBEC cytidine deaminases, were more prominent among non-LDCT patients.<br /><br />In conclusion, LDCT screening is effective in identifying lung cancer at an earlier stage, particularly among Asian never-smokers, emphasizing its valuable role in early lung cancer detection in this demographic.

Asset Subtitle

Hsu-Ching Huang

Meta Tag

Speaker Hsu-Ching Huang

Topic Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Keywords

Taiwanese NSCLC

low-dose computed tomography

lung cancer screening

mutation landscape

EGFR mutation

adenocarcinoma

ground glass nodules

APOBEC cytidine deaminases

early detection

Taipei Veterans General Hospital