2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - ePosters-EP.08F.08 Safety and Efficacy of Durvalumab Consolidation Therapy after Chemoradiotherapy in NSCLC Patients Positive for Antinuclear Antibodies

EP.08F.08 Safety and Efficacy of Durvalumab Consolidation Therapy after Chemoradiotherapy in NSCLC Patients Positive for Antinuclear Antibodies

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The study titled "Safety and Efficacy of Durvalumab Consolidation Therapy after Chemoradiotherapy in NSCLC Patients Positive for Antinuclear Antibodies" investigates the effects of durvalumab therapy in patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have tested positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Conducted at the NHO Kinki Chuo Chest Medical Center, the research covers patient data from August 2018 to July 2022.<br /><br />The primary focus of the study is on the safety and efficacy of durvalumab when administered as a consolidation treatment post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in ANA-positive patients. ANA presence was evaluated using an indirect immunofluorescence test, with a titer of 1:40 as the cutoff value. Out of 139 initial patients, 80 were included in the final analysis based on completed serum ANA testing.<br /><br />Findings revealed that patients with ANA positivity exhibited a higher risk of severe (grade 3 or greater) pneumonitis during durvalumab therapy compared to ANA-negative patients. This group also showed shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) durations. Specifically, ANA positivity was associated with increased hazards for lower PFS and OS, as indicated by the hazard ratios (HR) derived from Cox regression models (HR for PFS: 2.42, and for OS: 2.66 in univariate analysis).<br /><br />The study recommends vigilant monitoring for pneumonitis in ANA-positive patients undergoing durvalumab treatment. The presence of ANA is highlighted as a potentially significant factor for increased adverse reactions, possibly due to autoimmune conditions exacerbating radiation-induced toxicities. Consequently, this could lead to treatment discontinuation and negatively impact overall survival rates.<br /><br />These results underscore the necessity for personalized treatment approaches and careful management of immune-related adverse events when using immune checkpoint inhibitors like durvalumab in ANA-positive NSCLC patients.

Asset Subtitle

Akihiro Tsukaguchi

Meta Tag

Speaker Akihiro Tsukaguchi

Topic Local-Regional Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Keywords

Durvalumab

NSCLC

Antinuclear Antibodies

Chemoradiotherapy

Pneumonitis

Progression-Free Survival

Overall Survival

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Autoimmune Conditions

Personalized Treatment