2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) - ePosters-EP.11A.08 Real-World Comparative Effectiveness in Advanced NSCLC and High PD-L1 with 1L Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ± Chemotherapy

EP.11A.08 Real-World Comparative Effectiveness in Advanced NSCLC and High PD-L1 with 1L Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ± Chemotherapy

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The study analyzed real-world outcomes of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) used alone or in combination with chemotherapy for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high PD-L1 expression. Conducted using data from the ConcertAI Oncology Database, the analysis included 1,384 eligible patients from the United States, treated between May 2017 and November 2022. Approximately 65% of these patients received ICI monotherapy while 32% underwent a combination of ICI and chemotherapy.<br /><br />The study aimed to compare the real-world clinical outcomes, particularly focusing on overall survival (rwOS), response rate (rwRR), progression-free survival (rwPFS), and other treatment timings between these two therapeutic approaches. Although no significant difference in rwOS was found between the ICI monotherapy and combination therapy groups, the combination of ICI and chemotherapy was associated with a higher rwRR and longer rwPFS. However, the study acknowledged that differences might exist due to variations in real-world patient populations, despite adjustments for confounding variables.<br /><br />The research highlighted that prior analyses and trials showed similar patterns, indicating no notable survival advantage of combining chemotherapy with ICI over monotherapy. Still, the study observed some advantages in terms of response rates and progression-free intervals for combination therapy. These findings could be influenced by underlying differences in patient demographics and health characteristics, which further studies should aim to uncover.<br /><br />The results suggest that while combination therapies may offer certain short-term benefits, long-term survival outcomes may not differ significantly from ICI monotherapy. Thus, personalized treatment decisions should consider the specific patient characteristics and potential benefits and risks of each approach. The study calls for further research to better understand patient subgroups that might gain the most from specific treatments.

Asset Subtitle

Melinda Hsu

Meta Tag

Speaker Melinda Hsu

Topic Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer – Immunotherapy

Keywords

immune checkpoint inhibitors

NSCLC

PD-L1 expression

ICI monotherapy

combination therapy

real-world outcomes

overall survival

response rate

progression-free survival

personalized treatment