2025 Hot Topic in Basic & Translational Science: Small Cell Lung Cancer - ePosters-ES01.08: Serum microRNAs are associated with treatment response and disease progression in limited stage small cell lung cancer

ES01.08: Serum microRNAs are associated with treatment response and disease progression in limited stage small cell lung cancer

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A study investigated the role of microRNAs in determining treatment response and disease progression in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS SCLC). It focused on analyzing microRNA expression patterns using longitudinal serum samples collected at various treatment stages: diagnosis, during chemoradiation, and post-treatment. These samples underwent small RNA sequencing for microRNA expression quantification. The goal was to uncover associations that microRNAs might have with treatment outcomes, time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS).<br /><br />A total of 36 microRNAs were found to be linked to treatment responses or disease progression, with one among them, miR-320, having previous associations with advanced lung cancer. Despite identifying these microRNAs, only five consistently predicted overall survival, while none proved predictive of TTP.<br /><br />The study engaged linear mixed models to identify microRNAs associated with treatment and progression, whereas mixed-effects Cox models were used to spotlight microRNAs predictive of TTP and OS. Participants in the research were part of a randomized trial contrasting high-dose with standard-dose twice-daily thoracic radiotherapy.<br /><br />The study concludes that serum microRNAs are indeed associated with treatment response and disease progression in LS SCLC. Key microRNAs, such as miR-375-3p and miR-149-5p, were highlighted in visual heat maps and plots, revealing changes in expression compared to the baseline and progression status. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated different survival estimations based on microRNA expression levels, emphasizing the potential prognostic importance of these microRNAs.<br /><br />Conducted by researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and St. Olavs Hospital, the study provides insights into possible molecular markers that could guide clinical decision-making and personalized treatment strategies for SCLC patients.

Asset Subtitle

Paal Saetrom

Keywords

microRNAs

small-cell lung cancer

treatment response

disease progression

longitudinal serum samples

microRNA expression

overall survival

time to progression

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis

personalized treatment