2025 Targeted Therapies of Lung Cancer (TTLC) - Posters-PP01.15 Risk factors and outcomes for myocarditis in patients with lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor: a global real-world analysis

PP01.15 Risk factors and outcomes for myocarditis in patients with lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor: a global real-world analysis

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This study investigates the association between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the risk of myocarditis in lung cancer patients. Conducted using the TriNetX global database, the research focuses on patients diagnosed since 2016. Myocarditis, an immune-related adverse event, presents a significant health risk, with an estimated mortality rate of 30%-50%.<br /><br />Key findings reveal that among 42,478 lung cancer patients treated with ICIs, 0.36% developed myocarditis. The condition mostly occurred within the first year of treatment, with the relative risk of myocarditis in the ICI-treated group being significantly higher (RR 11.0) compared to the non-ICI group. The study identifies ipilimumab and a history of heart failure as the primary risk factors for developing myocarditis. In multivariate analysis, these factors remained significant, with ipilimumab showing a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.76 and a history of heart failure showing an HR of 1.67.<br /><br />The clinical outcomes for those with ICI-associated myocarditis include higher risks of hospitalization, ICU admission, myocardial infarction, stroke, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The relative risks are notably elevated, with myocardial infarction and stroke showing the most significant increases.<br /><br />This study underscores the need for clinical vigilance in lung cancer patients treated with ICIs, especially those with pre-existing heart conditions or those receiving ipilimumab. It calls for further exploration into the risk factors and long-term outcomes related to ICI-associated myocarditis to mitigate these severe health implications.

Asset Subtitle

Zhiting Tang

Keywords

immune checkpoint inhibitors

myocarditis

lung cancer

TriNetX database

ipilimumab

heart failure

hazard ratio

adverse cardiovascular events

clinical vigilance

risk factors