Special Article: Best Practices Recommendations for Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry in Lung Cancer-PIIS1556086418335147

PIIS1556086418335147

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Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of lung cancer. It helps distinguish between different subtypes of lung cancer, such as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and neuroendocrine tumors. Specific markers are used in IHC to aid in this distinction. For adenocarcinoma, markers like TTF-1 and Napsin A are highly specific. TTF-1 can also help differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from metastatic tumors. For squamous cell carcinoma, markers like p63 and CK5/6 are used. Other markers like CDX2 and GATA3 can help differentiate lung metastases from primary lung tumors. In the case of neuroendocrine tumors, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and CD56 are commonly used markers.<br /><br />IHC can also help identify specific genetic alterations in lung cancer. ALK rearrangements, EGFR mutations, and PD-L1 expression are examples of genetic alterations that can be detected using IHC. These genetic alterations have important implications for prognosis and treatment.<br /><br />It is important to note that while IHC is a valuable tool, it should always be interpreted in conjunction with clinical and histopathological findings for accurate diagnosis and management of lung cancer. Therefore, IHC should be used as part of a comprehensive approach to lung cancer diagnosis, considering the clinical context, histopathological examination, and the results of other diagnostic tests.

Keywords

Immunohistochemistry

lung cancer diagnosis

adenocarcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma

neuroendocrine tumors

TTF-1

Napsin A

p63

CK5/6

genetic alterations