WCLC 2025 - Posters & ePosters-P1.04.38 The Coincidental Findings of Lung Nodules With AI-Assisted Chest X-Rays in the Tuberculosis Screening Project

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This study evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating AI-assisted chest X-rays (CXR) into community-based lung cancer screening coupled with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) screening in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya District, Thailand. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality globally, including Thailand, with late-stage diagnosis common due to inadequate early detection methods. While low-dose CT scans (LDCTs) provide sensitive screening, their high cost, limited access, and lack of insurance coverage hamper widespread use. <br /><br />The project used a retrospective, descriptive design reviewing medical charts from February to May 2024. The TB mobile CXR screening targeted individuals with chronic diseases. Initial CXR interpretations were made by family physicians supported by AI software (Siriraj x Perceptra), which demonstrated high accuracy (overall sensitivity 91.5%, specificity 98.5%; nodule sensitivity 88.7%, specificity 98.1%). Abnormal findings were referred for radiologist confirmation and CT scans when indicated. Data collected included participant demographics, findings, referrals, follow-ups, and lung cancer diagnoses over one year.<br /><br />The results confirm that AI-assisted CXR screening integrated with TB programs is practical, enhancing early lung cancer detection even in remote, resource-limited areas. It boosts diagnostic confidence and facilitates timely referrals. However, incomplete follow-up processes highlight the need for improved patient tracking and referral systems. Expanding screening to include non-high-risk populations, such as non-smokers and younger adults, is recommended.<br /><br />Three illustrative cases detected early to advanced lung cancer stages in both smokers and non-smokers, emphasizing the AI tool's role in identifying incidental lung nodules. The study advocates for scaling this approach with tailored implementation and increased public awareness to empower patients and ensure access to appropriate technologies, promoting better lung cancer outcomes in low-resource settings.

Asset Subtitle

Prakaitip Susilparat

Meta Tag

Speaker Prakaitip Susilparat

Topic Screening and Early Detection

Keywords

AI-assisted chest X-rays

lung cancer screening

pulmonary tuberculosis screening

Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya

Thailand

low-dose CT scans

early lung cancer detection

family physicians

Siriraj x Perceptra

patient referral systems