2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer (Posters)-P1.11. Utility of ctDNA Monitoring during Surveillance in Surgically Resected NSCLC Patients

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A study was conducted to evaluate the utility of monitoring circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. ctDNA is fragmented DNA from tumors that can be detected in the blood and contains tumor-specific mutations. The study used a personalized ctDNA detection assay called SignateraTM to track patient-specific single nucleotide variants. The objective was to determine the prognostic value of ctDNA testing post-resection in stage I-III NSCLC patients.<br /><br />The retrospective study analyzed longitudinal plasma samples from 46 NSCLC patients treated at Kindai University Hospital. All patients received surgical resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy and were followed up with surveillance. The correlation between patient characteristics and ctDNA detection, as well as the prognostic impact of ctDNA detection, were evaluated.<br /><br />The results showed that patients who were positive for ctDNA after surgery had significantly poorer prognoses compared to those who were negative. Postoperative ctDNA was an independent predictor of disease recurrence. Longitudinal ctDNA analysis also proved to be an independent prognostic factor, with ctDNA-positive patients having significantly worse recurrence-free survival. The median time between ctDNA positivity and radiographic recurrence was 3.2 months.<br /><br />Notably, no patient who did not experience disease recurrence had a positive result for longitudinal ctDNA analysis, indicating a specificity of 100%. The study also found that ctDNA was not detected in the three patients with isolated brain metastases, suggesting that ctDNA analysis may have limitations in detecting this type of recurrence.<br /><br />In conclusion, personalized ctDNA monitoring can detect minimal residual disease and predict the risk of recurrence in NSCLC patients after resection. Longitudinal ctDNA analysis was found to be a significant prognostic factor, and patients who remained ctDNA-negative did not experience disease recurrence. However, ctDNA analysis may have limitations in detecting isolated brain metastases. This study highlights the potential utility of ctDNA monitoring during surveillance in surgically resected NSCLC patients.

Asset Subtitle

Shuta Ohara

Meta Tag

Speaker Shuta Ohara

Topic Tumor Biology: Translational Biology - Omics and New Technologies

Keywords

circulating tumor DNA

ctDNA

non-small cell lung cancer

NSCLC

surgically resected

prognostic value

personalized assay

disease recurrence

recurrence-free survival

longitudinal analysis